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Self Escape Music Selfescapemusic@ymail.com Music of South India |
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Melakarta is a collection
of Ragas in Carnatic music. Melakarta ragas are fundamental ragas from which other ragas may
be generated. For this reason the melakarta ragas are also known as janaka (parent) ragas. Melakarta
ragas are also known as sampoorna ragas as they contain all seven swaras (notes) of the octave in both the ascending and the descending mode. There are 72 melakarta
ragas.
The mela system of ragas was first propounded by Raamamaatya in his work
Svaramelakalanidhi c. 1550. He is considered the father of mela system of ragas. Later Venkatamakhi expounded in the
17th century in his work Caturdandi Prakaasikaa a new mela system known today as melakarta. He had made some
bold and controversial claims and defined somewhat artificially 6 swaras from the known 12 semitones at that time to arrive
72 melakarta ragas. The controversial parts relate to his double counting of R2 etc. and his exclusive selection of madyamas
for which there is no basis. However, today the 72 melakarta ragas have gained significant following, though to this day this
system is being criticized. Venkatamakhi was known to be extremely critical of Raamamaatya. According to Indo Pak ancient theory, the musician's task in exploring
mood is made easier if the performance takes place at the time and in the atmosphere appropriate to the raga.
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Mela Chakravakam
C,Db,E,F,G,A,Bb or 1,b2,3,4,5,6,b7
Midmorning Raga
Mela
Dhavalambari C,Db,E,F#,G,G#,A or 1,b2,3,#4,5,#5,6 Midevening Raga Mela Dhirasankarabharana
C,D,E,F,G,A,B or 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 Evening Raga Mela Gamanasrama
C,Db,E,F#,G,A,B or 1,b2,3,#4,5,6,7 Midevening Raga Mela Gangeyabhusani
C,D#,E,F,G,Ab,B or 1,#2,3,4,5,b6,7 Midevening Raga
Mela
Hanumattodi C,Db,Eb,F,G,Ab,Bb or 1,b2,b3,4,5,b6,b7 Midmorning Raga
Mela Jhankaradhvani C,D,Eb,F,G,A#,G,A
or 1,2,b3,4,5,#6,5,6 Midmorning Raga
Mela Kantamani
C,D,E,F#,G,G#,A or 1,2,3,#4,5,#5,6 Midevening Raga Mela Kiravani C,D,Eb,F,G,Ab,B or 1,2,b3,4,5,b6,7 Evening Raga Mela Kosalam
C,D#,E,F#,G,A,B or 1,#2,3,#4,5,6,7 Midevening Raga Mela Manavati C,Db,D,F,G,A,B
or 1,b2,2,4,5,6,7 Midmorning Raga Mela Mayamalavagaula
C,Db,E,F,G,G#,A or 1,b2,3,4,5,#5,6 Mela Naganandini
C,D,E,F,G,A#,B or 1,2,3,4,5,#6,7 Midmorning Raga Midevening Raga Midmorning Raga Midevening Raga Mela Nitimati
C,D,Eb,F#,G,A#,B or 1,2,b3,#4,5,#6,7
Midevening Raga
Midevening Raga Evening Raga Midmorning Raga Midevening Raga Mela Salagam
C,Db,D,F#,G,G#,A or
1,b2,2,#4,5,#5,6
Midevening Raga Evening Raga Mela Sarasangi
C,D,E,F,G,Ab,B or 1,2,3,4,5,b6,7
Evening Raga
Mela Simhendramadhyama C,D,Eb,F#,G,Ab,B or 1,2,b3,#4,5,b6,7
Evening Raga
Evening Raga Mela Sucharitra
C,D#,E,F#,G,G#,A or 1,#2,3,#4,5,#5,6
Midevening Raga Midmorning Raga Mela Suryakantam
C,Db,E,F,G,A,B or 1,b2,3,4,5,6,7
Midmorning Raga Midevening Raga Mela Syamalangi
C,D,Eb,F#,G,G#,A or 1,2,b3,#4,5,#5,6
Midevening Raga Midmorning Raga Mela Vaschaspati
C,D,E,F#,G,A,Bb or 1,2,3,#4,5,6,b7
Midevening Raga
Midmorning Raga |
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